A recent study by the Indian Institute of Space Science and Technology (IIST) in Thiruvananthapuram has revealed that microgravity environments, such as those experienced during space missions, can significantly increase astronauts’ core body temperature. This finding has important implications for the health and safety of astronauts on long-duration spaceflights.
Key Findings:
- Core Temperature Increase: The study found that in microgravity, astronauts’ core body temperature can rise from an average of 36.3°C to 37.8°C over a period of 2.5 months. During physical exercise, temperatures may approach 40°C, which is considered dangerously high.
- Thermoregulation Challenges: The human body relies on gravity to help regulate temperature through processes like sweating and blood circulation. In microgravity, these processes are disrupted, leading to less efficient heat dissipation and increased core temperatures.
- 3D Computational Model: IIST researchers developed a three-dimensional computational model to simulate how heat moves through the human body in microgravity. This model accounts for factors such as sweating, shivering, clothing insulation, organ heat production, and blood redistribution.
- Validation with Space Data: The model’s predictions were validated using historical data from astronauts aboard the Mir Space Station and the International Space Station (ISS), confirming its accuracy in simulating thermoregulatory responses in space.
Implications:
Understanding how microgravity affects body temperature is crucial for planning future long-duration space missions, such as those to Mars. This research can inform the design of spacecraft environments, spacesuits, and exercise protocols to ensure astronaut safety and comfort.
The study also highlights the need for continuous monitoring of astronauts’ health parameters and the development of countermeasures to mitigate the physiological challenges posed by microgravity.
